Nasal polyps are soft, noncancerous growths that can form in the sinuses or nasal passages. While they’re usually painless, they can obstruct airflow and cause symptoms such as congestion, sinus pressure, and a reduced sense of smell. If you’re struggling to breathe comfortably, finding the right treatment for nasal polyps can make a significant difference.
This article explores effective treatments for nasal polyps, from sprays to surgery, and learn how to improve breathing and reduce sinus symptoms.
Table of contents
Estimated reading time: 3 minutes
What Causes Nasal Polyps?
Nasal polyps often develop due to chronic inflammation in the nasal passages and sinuses. They’re commonly linked to conditions such as:
- Chronic sinusitis
- Asthma
- Allergic rhinitis
- Aspirin sensitivity
- Cystic fibrosis
Although the exact cause isn’t always clear, long-term inflammation seems to be the primary factor.
Common Symptoms of Nasal Polyps
Some people may have nasal polyps and not realize it. When symptoms appear, they can include:
- Persistent nasal congestion
- Postnasal drip
- Facial pressure or fullness
- Reduced or lost sense of smell
- Snoring or breathing through the mouth
If symptoms are ongoing and over-the-counter treatments don’t help, it may be time to seek medical advice.
Medical Treatments for Nasal Polyps
There are several effective options available. The best choice depends on the severity of your symptoms and the size of the polyps.
1. Nasal Corticosteroid Sprays
Doctors often begin treatment with prescription nasal corticosteroid sprays. These reduce inflammation in the nasal passages and can help shrink polyps or prevent them from enlarging. Common options include fluticasone, mometasone, and budesonide.
2. Oral or Injectable Steroids
If nasal sprays don’t provide enough relief, a short course of oral corticosteroids like prednisone may be prescribed. These are more potent but are typically used for a limited duration due to adverse effects. In some cases, injectable steroids may be considered.
3. Biologic Therapy
Biologic medications, such as dupilumab (Dupixent), are a newer treatment for people with chronic sinus inflammation and nasal polyps who haven’t responded to other treatments. These medications target specific pathways in the immune system to reduce inflammation.
Surgical Options for Severe Cases
If medical treatments aren’t successful or the polyps are too large, surgery may be needed. Endoscopic sinus surgery is a common procedure that removes the polyps and clears the sinus passages. This minimally invasive approach uses a thin, flexible tube with a camera to guide the process.
Surgery can provide significant relief, but polyps may return over time. That’s why ongoing medical treatment and monitoring are important after the procedure.
Reference: merriam-webster.com/dictionary/endoscope
Managing Underlying Conditions
Treating underlying health issues is just as important as addressing the polyps themselves. Managing allergies, asthma, or chronic sinus infections helps reduce the risk of polyp regrowth. For patients in Colorado, managing seasonal allergies is particularly important given the region’s dry climate and pollen levels.
When to See a Specialist
If you’ve had nasal congestion for more than 10 days, experience frequent sinus infections, or have lost your sense of smell, it’s worth talking to an ENT specialist. At Colorado ENT & Allergy, our team provides personalized care and long-term relief for nasal polyps and related conditions. Contact us to schedule a consultation and find out which treatment option is right for you.